Metric Measures

 Mind Maps

Class V - maths: Measurements
Q) What is finding a number that shows the size or amount of something?

Q) What is a number which gives us the central or middle value?

Q) Convert 200 cm into metre?

Q) What we call the measure of hotness or coldness of a body?

Q) Convert 8 L into mL?

Q) Subtract 7 kg 568 g from 9 kg 700 g?

Q) Find the temperature on thermometer?

Q) Convert 8 cm 5 mm into centimeter?

Q) The below image shows the?

Q) Average is a number which gives us the?

Q) Temperature is the measure of?

Q) How many types of scales to measure the temperature of a body?

Q) Convert 9 cm 4 mm into centimetres?

Q) Convert 32 m 15 cm into metres?

Q) Convert 212 km 96 m to kilometres?

Q) Convert 12 g 15 mg into grams?

Q) Convert 5 L 200 mL into litres?

Q) What is Measurement?

Q) What is Conversions?

Q) What is Operations On Metric Measures?

Q) What is temperature?

Q) Convert 165 km 87 m to kilometers?

Q) A bag contains 2 kgs of rice. How many such bags are needed to fill a drum that has a capacity of 30 kgs?

Q) Varshini weight is 15 kg and her mother's weight is 50 kg. How much less is Varshini's weight than her mother's?

Q) Mrs Kumari spent Rs 25.00 for cool drink on Monday, Rs 90.00 on Tuesday, and Rs 150.00 on Wednesday. What is the average amount of money she spent on these three days?

Q) Vamsi scored 94, 56, 78, 49 and 79 marks in his subjects. What was the average marks he got?

Q) Mrs Peter's weight is 90 kg 500 g. The doctor says his weight should be 65 kg 500 g. How much weight should he lose?

Q) What are Different Units and the Decimal System?

Q) What is average and give an example?

Q) What is temperature and give an example?

Q) Arun scored 75,85,95,50 and 60 marks in his maths tests.What was the average marks he got?

Q) What is Measurement and give an example?

Q) Abdul went to the market and spent ? 54 for buying chocolates, ? 72 for buying biscuits and ? 60 for buying chips. What is the average amount of money spent by Abdul to buy these three things?

Measurement

Definition

"Measurement is finding a number that shows the size or amount of something."

Example:

Let us learn about the metric measures before moving on to the chapter.

• Metric measures are measured in units of 10, 100, 1000......
• All metric measures have a number and the unit of measure.
• The metric system is based on the decimal system.
THE METRIC MEASURES

We know that, Metre, gram, and litre are standard units of length, mass, and capacity respectively.

• There are other units of metric measure to measure smaller lengths, masses, and capacities.
• Larger units are used to measure larger lengths, masses, and capacities.
• There is a definite relationship among the various units of metric measures.
• We put different prefixes to the standard units of metric measures.
• The most commonly used prefixes are as follows:
• For lower units we use: Deci, Centi, and Milli
• For higher units we use: Deca, Kilo, and Hecto.
MEASURE STANDARD UNIT MEASURES USED IN DAY-DAY LIFE
LENGTH Metre mm, cm, m, km
WEIGHT Gram mg,g, kg
CAPACITY Litre mL, L

The place value chart given below helps to understand this relationship better.

PLACE VALUE TH H T O T(THS) H(THS) TH(THS)
(1000) (100) (10) (1/10) (1/100) (1/1000)
Prefix Kilo Hecto Deca Deci Centi Milli
Measures of length Km hm dam m dm cm mm
Measure of mass Kilogram(kg) Hectogram(hg) Deca-gram(dag) Gram(g) Decigr-am (dg) Centigram(cg) Milligram(mg)
Measures of capacity Kilolitre(kL) Hectolitre(hL) Deca-litre(daL) Litre(L) Deca-litre (dL) Centilitre(cL) Millilitre(mL)

Different measures in the place value chart can be entered as shown in the table below.

PLACE VALUE T H T O T(THS) H(THS) T(THS)
(1000) (100) (10) (1/10) (1/100) (1/1000)
Prefix Kilo Hecto Deca Deci Centi Milli
Measures
3km 5hm
4dam 3m
2dm 4cm
8mm
3 5 4 3 2 4 8
9kg 3hg 2
dag 4dg
9 3 2 0 4 0 0
7kL 4 hL
2daL 8L
6dL 3cL
2mL
7 4 2 8 6 3 2
Conversions

### Converting Smaller Units To Bigger Units

It is easy to convert one unit metric measure to different units, as the various units of metric measures are related to the standard unit of multiples of 10.

Measure Of Length

Examples:

1) Convert 4 cm 9 mm = 1 cm.
Solution: We know that,
10 mm = 1 cm
4 cm 9 mm = 4 9/10 cm
= 4.9 cm

2) Convert 42 m 15 cm into metres.
Solution: We know that,
100 cm = 1 m
42 m 15 cm = 42 15/100 m
= 42. 15 m.

3) Convert 165 km 87 m to kilometres.
Solution: We know that,
1000 m = 1 km
165 km 87 m = 165 87/1000
= 165. 087 km.

Measures Of Weight (Mass)
Examples:

1) Convert 18 g 20 mg into grams.
Solution: We know that,
1000 mg = 1 g
18 g 20 mg = 18 20/1000
= 18. 020 g.

2) Convert 48 kg 150 g into kilograms.
Solution: We know that,
1000 g = 1 kg.
48 kg 150 g = 48 150/1000
= 48. 15 kg.

Measures Of Capacity
Examples:

1) Convert 7 L 350 mL into litres.
Solution: We know that,
1000 mL = 1 L
7 L 350 mL = 7 350/1000
= 7. 35 L.

2) Convert 65 kL 135 L into kilolitres.
Solution: We know that,
1000 L = 1 kL
65kL 135 L = 65 135/1000
= 65. 135 kL.

#### Converting Bigger Units To Smaller Units

Measure Of Length
Examples:

1) Convert 7 km 15 m into metres.
Solution: We know that,
1000 m = 1 km.
7 km 15 m = (7 × 1000) m + 15 m
= 7000 m + 15 m
= 7015 m.

2) Convert 5 m 14 cm into centimetres.
Solution: We know that,
100 cm = 1m
5 m 14 cm = (5 × 100) cm + 14 cm
= 500 cm + 14 cm
= 514 cm.

3) Convert 25 cm into millimetres.
Solution: We know that,
10 mm = 1 cm
25 cm = (25 × 10) mm
= 250 mm.

Measures Of Weight (Mass)

1) Convert 8 kg 20 g into grams.
Solution: We know that,
1000 g = 1 kg
8 kg 20 g = (8 × 1000) g + 20 g
= 8000 g + 20 g
= 8020 g.

2) Convert 6 g 140 mg into milligrams.
Solution: We know that,
1000 mg = 1 g
6 g 140 mg = (6 × 1000) mg + 140 mg
= 6000 mg + 140 mg
= 6140 mg.

Measure Of Capacity
Examples:

1) Convert 38 kL 170 L into litres.
Solution: We know that,
1000 L = 1 kL
38 kL 170 L = (38 × 1000) L + 170 L
= 38000 L+ 170 L
= 38170 L.

2) Convert 8 L 350 mL into millilitres.
Solution: We know that,
1000 mL = 1 L
8 L 350 mL = (8 × 1000) mL + 350 mL
= 8000 mL + 350 mL
= 8350 mL.

Different Units And The Decimal System

As metric measures are used on a daily basis in our lives, we should know the relationship of the different units of metric measures in the decimal system.

Length

Weight (Mass)

Capacity

Operations On Metric Measures

We will see the operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on metric measures.

Example: Add the following using both units and decimals.
5km 3hm 2dam 7m 4dm 6cm 1mm ;
8km 5hm 1dam 2dm 3cm 5mm ;
and 4 km 5hm 2dam 6m 4dm 3cm 9mm.

Solution:

#### Subtraction Of Metric Measures

Example: Subtract 6 kg 120 g from 9 kg 350 g.
Solution:

### Multiplication Of Metric Measures

Example: Multiply 5m 6 dm 2 cm 9 mm by 14. Express the result in metres.
Solution:5 m 6 dm 2 cm 9 mm = 5. 629
So, 5. 629 × 14 =

 5.629 × 14

So, 5. 629 × 14 = 78. 806 m.

#### Division Of Metric Measures

Example: Divide 584 km 8 m by 8. Express the result in kilometres.
Solution: 584 km 8 m = 584 . 008 km.

           8)584.008(73.001
56
-----
24
24
------
00008
8
-----
0


The quotient is 73 .001

AVERAGE

"Average is a number which gives us the central or middle value".

Average can be found only of like measures or similar quantities.

To find the average, we add all the quantities and divide by the total number of quantities.

We find the average in many situations.

• What is the average production of rice this month
• What is the average price spent on goods this week

Example:Abdul went to the market and spent ₨54 for buying chocolates, ₨72 for buying biscuits and ₨60 for buying chips. What is the average amount of money spent by Abdul to buy these three things.

Solution: To find the average, we first find the total money spent.
Total money spent = 54 + 72 + 60 = ₨186
Number of addends i.e., number of items = 3

So
= 186/3 = ₨62.

The average money spent by Abdul is ₨ 62.

TEMPERATURE

"Temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness of the body".

The temperature of an object is measured with the help of a thermometer.

The temperature of a human body is measured using a clinical thermometer.

There are two types of scales to measure the temperature of a body.

1. Celsius scale
2. Fahrenheit scale.

Look at the figure below for clear understanding of the two scales:

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